Statistical thinking will one day be as necessary for efficient citizenship as the ability to read and write. H.G. Wells.
Course Description
MATH 241 counts toward the Mathematics general education requirement. Because of its universality and the vast amount of data being created, a knowledge of statistics and statistical thinking is essential in today s world. From sports statistics to opinion polls to medical research, statistics plays a key role. This course is an introductory course to the field of statistics. The course covers the essential material in descriptive statistics, probability, sample spaces, one and two sample inference, along with an introduction to the more complex analyses in regression, correlation, chi-square tests, ANOVA, and nonparametric techniques.
COURSE OBJECTIVES
The student will recognize the pervasiveness of statistics in everyday life, and the necessity of having an understanding of statistical thinking.
The student will gain and/or enhance their ability to communicate statistics to others through writing.
The student will gain a critical approach to evaluating statistical graphs.
The student will recognize that statistics is a useful tool in any discipline.
The student will be able to distinguish between descriptive and inferential statistics.
The student will be able to construct both descriptive and inferential statistics from data.
The student will gain a basic understanding of the field of probability.
The student will be able to use a variety of statistical models including t-tests, ANOVA, Chi-square tests, regression, correlation, and nonparametric tests.
The student will be able to use a statistical package and recognize its limitations.
The student will be able to apply mathematical strategies to solve problems.
The student will be able to explain the meaning and implications of solutions to mathematical problems.
Required Materials
McClave, James T. and Terry L. Sincich (2017). Statistics (13th edition), Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Scientific or graphing calculator.
SYLLABI STATEMENTS
Attendance: Students who are instructed to isolate or quarantine by Health Services will be considered an excused absence. At any point in the semester, guidance from state and local officials may require us to maintain social distancing and use face masks, and we expect your cooperation.
Health: It is expected that students experiencing symptoms of COVID-19 will NOT come to class, and instead contact the student health services o¢ ce and self-isolate until told otherwise. Those asked to quarantine due to close contact with a positive case will be expected to do the same. Students should notify their instructor immediately, and can expect accommodations, which could include lecture recordings or alternative assignments, to be provided by their instructor in a timely fashion. That said, each class is unique, and accommodations will need to be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
Recording: During the semester, I may record our class sessions to assist students who are in isolation. At some point in the semester, we may need to record all classes so that students in quarantine or isolation can keep up with coursework and/or if the class moves to a hybrid format in order to socially distance. Recordings will only be made available within this course on Canvas, and access is dependent upon ONU credentials. Recordings will not be disseminated beyond the classroom by either faculty or student without written permission of the others in the classroom. If any class sessions are recorded, it is expected that you will view or complete virtual lectures when you are not able to physically attend class to avoid falling behind and to enable you to participate in class activities that require understanding from previous lectures.
Center for Academic Excellence (CAE): The CAE exists to strengthen academic behaviors, provide academic support, and foster academic scholarship. Appointments for tutoring in a variety of courses, writing assistance, general academic coaching, and weekly academic workshops can be made through olivet.mywconline.net or by logging into My.Olivet.edu and searching under the student support tab. Visit the CAE on the 2nd floor of Benner to learn more about all of the programs and services available for academic support.
Learning Support Services: It is the policy of Olivet Nazarene University to accommodate students with disabilities in accordance with federal and state laws. Undergraduate students with documented disabilities can register for accommodations at https://aim.olivet.edu. Please direct any questions about disability accommodations to Learning Support Services at LSS@olivet.edu.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS
There will be five 100 point exams each covering approximately two chapters of material and a 150 point comprehensive final.
Exam 1 - 9/22/22 -Thursday (Tentative dates)
Exam 2 -10/6/22 - Thursday
Exam 3 10/25/22 - Tuesday
Exam 4 - 11/10/22 -Thursday
Exam 5 -12/8/22 - Thursday
Final - 12/214/22 - Wednesday 10:30-12:20 p.m.
There will be homework assigned, and weekly quizzes will be given specially over the home work problems.
There will be periodic computer/web assignments
Class participation includes attendance, daily preparedness, and discussion.
There will be 2 projects that will be assigned.
COURSE POLICIES
Cellphones, ipods, and other similar devices are not allowed to be in use during class. Laptops and ipads are only allowed in class if used exclusively on class material. Students using such devices inappropriately in class will be marked absent on class days. Students using such devices during an exam or quiz will be given a score of zero. The only technology allowed during an exam is a scientific or graphing calculator.
Integrity Policy: You are expected to maintain a high level of integrity in relation to this course. Honesty is expected in oral and written communication. The first instance of cheating of any kind will result in a zero on the assignment, exam, or project. A second occurrence of cheating will result in automatic course failure. Use of an answer key or online website to obtain solutions for the assigned homework is cheating and will result in a homework score of zero. Signing another person’s name to an attendance sheet or asking someone to sign your name is cheating.
Attendance Policy: It is vital to your success in this course that you attend every class session. It is the student s responsibility to make up missed work by obtaining the notes from a classmate and seeing me afterwards to clear up specific questions regarding those notes. Be certain to come to class prepared with questions on the previous assignment. Three lates (you are expected to be in your seat at the beginning of class) will count as one absence. Educational leniency will result in an excused absence only if I am notified at least one class day in advance.
Homework/Quiz Policy: Homework is considered absolutely essential to building your understanding of the material. Each week there will be a quiz on Friday that covers the homework that was assigned through Wednesday of that week. The quizzes will replace actually turning in the homework, and will be based on the actual homework problems assigned. The homework needs to be completed prior to taking the quiz because you will not be given enough time to do the homework while taking the quiz. The idea is you do all the homework, then the quiz will have you simply enter your answers to some or all of the problems. The final quiz score will be scaled to be out of 100 points.
Exam Policy: The exams are designed to test your ability to perform the various statistical techniques presented, with a reasonable amount of speed and accuracy. If a situation or emergency arises which prevents a student from taking a test, it is his/her responsibility to contact me beforehand at the earliest possible moment or a makeup will not be allowed. The lowest exam will not be dropped, but will be scaled to be worth only half of any other exam. For example, if your lowest exam score is 60/100 this would be scaled to 30/50.
Project Policy: The projects will be assigned anywhere from 1 to 4 weeks before they are due (depending on the project). A typed final report is due on the due dates. Two of the projects are individual projects and should not be discussed with other class members. A brief description of the projects are given below. More information will be provided in class.
Statistical Graphs (20 points, Due 9/23/22) This project will be related to Section 2.9 from the textbook. It will be available on Canvas.
Journal Article (20 points, Due 12/13/22) Find and read an article in a research journal that involves inferential statistics. Turn in a copy of the article along with a summary that tells the research problem, procedure, statistical analysis used and the results. More information will be available on Canvas.
COMPUTER
In this course we will use the Jamovi computer package to organize, analyze, and present data. The statistical analysis for your data project should be done using Jamovi. The computer package will be introduced a few weeks into the semester and used for much of the remainder of the course. No previous computer knowledge is required or assumed. Periodic assignments using Jamovi or the Web will be assigned, collected, and graded. The total value of these assignments will be 60 points.
GRADING
There will be a total of 850 points for this course as follows:
5 exams
450
2 projects
40
Attendance
50
Jamovi
60
Homework / Quiz
100
Final
150
TOTAL
850
Grading will be assigned on the following point scale:
A 791-850
A- 765-790
B+ 740-764
B 706-739
B- 680-705
C+ 655-679
C 621-654
C- 595-620
D+ 570-594
D 536-569
D- 510-535
F 0-509
BIBLIOGRAPHY
LaRose, Daniel T. (2016). Discovering Statistics, Third Edition, New York: W. H. Freeman & Company.
De Veaux, Richard D., Paul Velleman, David Bock (2009). Intro Stats, Third Edition, Boston: Pearson and Addison Wesley.
Kokoska, Stephen (2015) Introductory Statistics, Second Edition, New York: W. H. Freeman & Company.
Homework
Section
Page
Problems
1.6 The Role of Statistics in Critical Thinking and Ethics
19
12,18,25,35
2.1 Describing Qualitative Data
37
4,10ab,11,18
2.2 Graphical Methods for Describing Quantitative Data
49
32,34,39,42,44
2.3 Numerical Measures of Central Tendency
60
54,55,57ab,61,67,68
2.4 Numerical Measures of Variability
68
76,78ab,83,88
2.5 Using the Mean and Standard Deviation to Describe Data
76
95,98,107,112
2.6 Numerical Measures of Relative Standing
81
117abe,118,120,131
2.7 Methods for Detecting Outliers: Box Plots & z-Scores
90
136-138,142
Exam 1
Section
Page
Problems
3.1 Events, Sample Spaces, and Probability
128
9-12,22,28,36
3.4 The Additive Rule and Mutually Exclusive Events
139
46,47,54,59
3.6 The Multiplicative Rule and Independent Events
154
73,75,77,85,90
4.1 Two Types of Random Variables
188
3,4
4.2 Probability Distributions for Discrete Random Variables
192
18-20,29,33
4.3 Expected Values of Discrete Random Variables
199
43,45,50,54
4.4 The Binomial Random Variable
211
61bc,63ab,64,66ab,79
Exam 2
Section
Page
Problems
5.2 The Uniform Distribution
237
3,4abcd,13,17
5.3 The Normal Distribution
241
26a-f,28abc,29a-d, 31abc,37,50
5.4 Descriptive Methods for Assessing Normality
258
57,60,65
5.5 Approximating a Binomial Dist. with a Normal Dist.
266
80a-d,81,89,94
6.1 The Concept of a Sampling Distribution
290
3,5-7
6.2 Properties of Sampling Distributions: Unbiasedness and Min Var
294
14,15,19
6.3 The Sampling Distribution of x and the Central Limit Theorem
301
27abc,29,32,34,38
7.2 Confidence Interval for Population Mean: Normal (z) Statistic
322
5,7abc,8abc,9abc,15,27
7.3 Confidence Interval for Population Mean: Student s t-Statistic
333
32-34 (only abc),36,51
7.4 Large-Sample CI for Population Proportion
341
56,57abc,65,70
Exam 3
Section
Page
Problems
7.5 Determining the Sample Size
348
77,78,80,91
8.2 Formulating Hypotheses and Setting up Rejection Regions
378
1,3,5,13,14,19
8.3 Observed Significance Levels: p-values
382
22-24,26,28
8.4 Test of Hypothesis About a Population Mean: Normal (z) Statistic
389
33,37,38,44
8.5 Test of Hypothesis About a Population Mean: Student s t-Statistic
397
52,56,62,68,72
8.6 Large-Sample Test of Hypothesis About a Population Proportion
405
76,77,82,86,92
8.7 Calculating Type II Error Probabilities: More About
415
97,98,104
9.2 Comparing Two Population Means: Independent Sampling
446
3,6,8ab,12,19,26
9.3 Comparing Two Population Means: Paired Difference Experiments
460
38,44,50,53
9.4 Comparing Two Population Proportions: Independent Sampling
470
56,59,64,76
Exam 4
Section
Page
Problems
10.1 Elements of a Designed Experiment
509
2,4,5,10
10.2 The Completely Randomized Design: Single Factor