pH^[1] is the measure of acidity of a solution. pH measurement is derived from the measure of hydronium ion concentration. Since the ion concentration is small in the solution, it is converted by the equation above to pH and compared against a scale. pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, 0 being acidic and 14 being basic.  At 25^oC the concentration of each ion (H⁺ and OH^-) is 1.0x10^-7 (mol/L), when both of the concentrations remain equal then the solution becomes neutral, which is a pH of 7 on the scale.

Description

The equation is 

^[2]

where 

• [H₃O⁺]is the hydronium ion concentration in units of (mol/L)
• pH is the acidity measurement. 

Related Topics

• pOH from hydroxide ion concentration
• pH from hydroxide ion concentration
• pH from pOH
• pH/pOH calculator

Supplement Material

• Khan Academy:
  • pH, pOH of strong acids and bases 
  • Definition of pH
• HyperPhysics: pH

References

[1]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PH

[2]Whitten, et al. 10th Edition. Pp.713, 752.

[pH scale diagram]http://wiki.chemprime.chemeddl.org/index.php/PH_and_pOH_in_Everyday_Life

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