Internal Energy of an Ideal gas

The Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas calculator computes the energy of an ideal gas based on the number of moles, the temperature and the ideal gas constant .

INSTRUCTIONS: Choose units and enter the following;

• (n) Number of moles of ideal gas
• (T) Temperature of ideal gas

Internal Energy (ΔU): The calculator returns the energy in Joules.  However, this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu.

The Math / Science

The internal energy of a system can be understood by examining the simplest possible system: an ideal gas. Because the particles in an ideal gas do not interact, this system has no potential energy. The term internal energy is often used synonymous with the energy of a system.  It is the sum of the kinetic and potential energies of the particles that form the system.  The last postulate in the kinetic molecular theory states that the average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles is dependent only upon the temperature of the gas.  Since ideal gases have no potential energy, the internal energy is directly proportional to the temperature.  Therefore, the formula for the internal energy of an ideal gas is:

ΔU = 3/2 • nRT

• ΔU is the internal energy of the ideal gas
• n is the number of moles of gas
• R is the ideal gas constant 
• T is temperature

Work and Energy Calculators

• Internal Energy of an Ideal Gas
• Internal Energy
• Change in Internal Energy
• Work
• R - Gas Constant
• Ideal Gas Law
• Sackur-Tetrode Equation
• First Law of Thermodynamics

References:

• https://www.nuclear-power.net/nuclear-engineering/thermodynamics/ideal-gas-law/internal-energy-ideal-gas-monatomic-gas-diatomic-molecule/