This vCalc equation computes the rate of return on an investment averaged over a year and includes the cost of any fees on the investment account. 

Usage

Inputting the total dividends made during the year and the total value of the investment (could be a stock or bond or even mutual fund), this equation first computes the real earnings which are the difference between the dividends and the fees incurred.  It then takes the ration of these real earnings to the total value at the end of the period to compute a return rate (as a decimal value) on the

For an individual investor, the more accurate real rate of yield would take into the account costs of the investment account in the form of fees.