The Equilibrium Constant for an acid (K_a) calculator computes Ka based on the concentration of free floating protons [H₃O⁺], conjugate base [A^-] and the weak acid added to the solution [HA].

The Arrhenius Activation Energy for Two Temperature calculator uses the Arrhenius equation to compute activation energy based on two temperatures and two reaction rate constants. 

The Atomic Mass Deficiency calculator computes the difference between the components of an atom (protons, neutrons and electrons) and the measure weight of the atom. 

The Equilibrium Constant for a base (K_b) is found using the equation K_b = [BH⁺][OH^-] / [B], with [BH⁺] representing the protonated base, [OH^-] the hydroxide ions, and [B] the original base added to solution. K_b refers to the dissociation of a base in solution, and uses the Brönsted-Lowry definition of a base, as opposed to Arrhenius. The inputs are the concentration of the protonated base [BH⁺], the hydroxide ions [OH^-], and the unchanged base [B]. While this version of the equation uses molarity, a more complete definition uses molar activity instead of molarity. Molar activity accounts for both the molarity and non-ideal conditions. Molar activity is a unitless term, therefore the base dissociation constant is unitless.

The Bragg's Law Calculator uses the Bragg's Law equation  (n·λ = 2d·sinθ) to compute the distance between layers of atoms, wavelength, order of diffraction and the angle of incidence when an x-ray beam hits a crystal lattice structure.