In physics class, we learn to measure temperature according to well-defined scales of measurement, which use pre-defined reference points to help compare quantities. The three most common temperature scales are the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. 

This calculator provides functions to convert temperatures to/from Fahrenheit, Celsius, Kelvin and Rankine.

FAHRENHEIT

Fahrenheit temperature scale, a scale based on 32° for the freezing point of water and 212° for the boiling point of water, with the time interval between the two divided into 180 equal parts. The 18th-century German physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit originally took the temperature of the ice-salt mixture to be zero on his scale and chose the values ​​of 30° and 90° for the freezing point of water and heat, respectively. normal body level; they have been modified to 32° and 96°, but the final scale requires adjustment to 98.6° for the latter.

F° TO C°: FAHRENHEIT TO CELSIUS CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Fahrenheit to Celsius, subtract 32 and multiply by .5556 (or 5/9).

Example: (50°F - 32) x 5/9 = 10°C

F° TO C°: FAHRENHEIT TO KELVIN CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Fahrenheit to Kelvin, add 459.67 and multiply by 5/9

Example: (50°F +459.67) x 5/9 = 283.15 °K

F° TO C°: FAHRENHEIT TO RANKINE CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Fahrenheit to Rankine, add 459.67

Example: 50°F +459.67 = 509.67 °R

CELSIUS

The Celsius scale, also known as Centigrade, is based on the freezing point of water at 0° and the boiling point of water at 100°. Invented by the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius in 1742, this scale is also called the Celsius scale because of the 100-degree interval between specific points. Celsius uses 0° for the boiling point of water and 100° for the melting point of snow. It was later reversed to set 0° on the cold end and 100° on the hot end, becoming widespread in this form.

C° TO F°: CELSIUS TO FAHRENHEIT CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply by 1.8 (or 9/5) and add 32.

Example: (30°C x 9/5) + 32 = 86°F

C° TO K°: CELSIUS TO KELVIN CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Celsius to Kelvin, add 273.15.

Example: 30°C + 273.15 = 303.15 °K

C° TO F°: CELSIUS TO RANKINE CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Celsius to Rankine, multiply by 9/5 and add 491.67.

Example: (30°C x 1.8) + 32 = 545.67 °R

KELVIN

Kelvin is also the basic unit of the Kelvin scale, a measure of absolute temperature, named after the British physicist William Thomson (known as Sir Kelvin). The absolute temperature scale zeroes at absolute zero (-273.15°C and -459.67°F), the theoretical temperature at which a molecule of a substance has the lowest energy. Therefore, all values ​​on such a scale are non-negative. 

K° TO F°: KELVIN TO FAHRENHEIT CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Kelvin to Fahrenheit, multiply by 9/5 and subtract 459.67.

Example: (40°K x 9/5) - 459.67 = -387.67°F

K° TO C°: KELVIN TO CELSIUS CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Kelvin to Celsius, subtract 273.15

Example: 40°K - 273.15 = -233.15°C

K° TO R°: KELVIN TO RANKINE CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Kelvin to Rankine, multiply by 5/9

Example: 40°K x 5/9 = 72°R

RANKINE

It's an absolute temperature scale on which the unit of measurement equals a Fahrenheit degree and on which the freezing point of water is 491.67° and the boiling point 671.67°

R° TO F°: RANKINE TO FAHRENHEIT CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Rankine to Fahrenheit, subtract 459.67.

Example: 60°R - 459.67 = -399.67°F

R° TO C°: RANKINE TO CELSIUS CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Rankine to Celsius, multiply by 9/5 and subtract 273.15.

Example: (60°R x 5/9) - 273.15 = -239.8167°C

R° TO K°: RANKINE TO KELVIN CONVERSION FORMULA

To convert degrees Rankine to Kelvin, multiply by 9/5.

Example: 60°R x 5/9  = 33.3333°K

REFERENCES

1. The Old Farmer’s Almanac. (2019, February 11). Temperature Conversion: Celsius to Fahrenheit. Old Farmer’s Almanac. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.almanac.com/content/temperature-conversion#

2. Temperature Conversion Chart | Way to Grow | CHKD. (n.d.). Temperature Conversion Chart. Retrieved November 15, 2021, from https://www.chkd.org/patients-and-families/health-library/way-to-grow/temperature-conversion-chart/