The Helmholtz Resonance describes the phenomenon of air resonating in a cavity. The cavity in an applied case might be the cavity of an instrument like a guitar. We use a simpler geometric example in this equation to explain this simple phenomena observed when you blows across the mouth of an empty bottle.
In this equation the inputs are:
A -- cross sectional area of the neck of the bottle (or correspondingly the cross sectional area of the sound hole of the guitar)
P0 -- static pressure in the cavity
m -- the mass of air in the neck of the bottle (or correspondingly the opening of the sound hole)
V0 -- the static volume in the cavity
This equation, Helmholtz Resonance, references 1 page