vCalc's Equation Editor and Constant Editor allow you to select from the library of vCalc equations, constants and data sets and to drag-and-drop these tokens¹ into your equation's code or your constant's code.  You can thus use anything that exists in vCalc to create something new and/or more powerful.

This page discusses some of the tokens that have been produced with the specific intent to be used as Equations-in-Equations (EiEs).  These equations do something that might be used frequently in other equations or constants and used as EiEs they are time-saving devices.  These EiEs are like a re-use library of simple standard functions built into vCalc's simple Groovy-based coding environment.

Some EiEs, created as function to be used like stored sub-routines, are very simple in nature.  They do something so we don;t have to re-code that part of the code.  They add a functionality to an equation by simply dragging them into another equation.

Other equations are complicated but still can be used as an EiE. Sometimes it's time saving to drag in a complex equation just to change that equations inputs.  

Let's explore some EiE examples.

Random numbers

Here are equations that generate random numbers and random selection in various forms:

1. A RANDOM REAL FROM AN INPUT RANGE  
2. A RANDOM INTEGER FROM A RANGE 
3. A RANDOM SELECTION OF VALUES  
4. A RANDOM INTEGER BETWEEN 0 & YOUR CHOICE] 
5. A RANDOM REAL BETWEEN 0 & YOUR CHOICE 
6. A RANDOM REAL FROM 0.0 to 1.0 
7. A RANDOM 0 or 1 
8. A COIN FLIP 
9. A RANDOM ROLL OF DICE 

Statistics

1. Minimum of a data set
2. Maximum of a data set
3. Range of a data set
4. Mean of a data set
5. Median of a data set
6. Mode of a data set
7. Standard deviation of a data set (population)
8. Standard deviation of a data set (sample)
9. Variance in a data set (population)
10. Variance in a data set (sample)
11. z-score of a element from a data set
12. z-score from a known mean and SD
13. Frequency distributions

Matrix Functions

1. Trace of a matrix
2. Determinant of a matrix
3. Inverse of a matrix
4. Cramer's rule computation of simultaneous equations
5. Scalar multiplication
6. Minor of a matrix
7. Eigenvalues of a matrix
8. 3-Vector Norm
9. 4-Vector Norm

Logarithms

1. Conversion between Log Bases

Calendar Functions

1. Day of the week choice
2. Days per week constant
3. Work hours per week
4. Work weeks per year

Business

Boolean Logic

1. Not Equal (!=) 
2. AND (&&)
3. <)" rel="__blank">Less Than (<)
4. <=)" rel="__blank">Less Than or Equal (<=)
5. ) " rel="__blank">Greater Than (>) 
6. =)" rel="__blank">Greater Than or Equal (>=)
7. Absolute Value of a Real Number

1. ^ Tokens are the collective name for vCalc's equations, constants, data sets and calculators. Tokens are the things you can create and which vCalc provides an editor with which you can build, duplicate or modify a token.  A token is defines as something that is a symbol or representation of something.