Initial Markup %

The Initial Markup Percent (%) calculator computes the initial markup percent (IMU%) of increase over expenses for the price of a product or service.

INSTRUCTIONS: Choose the preferred currency and enter the following:

• (e) Expenses: This is the cost required for producing a good or service.
• (r) Reductions: This is the combined cost of making a specified product/service cheaper or less in amount.
• (p) Profit: The financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.
• (ns) Net Sales: the gross amount of Sales minus Sales Returns and Allowances, and Sales Discounts for the time interval indicated on the income statement.

Initial Markup Percent (%)  The calculator return the markup as a percentage.

General Information

Initial Markup % is the comparison of the amount of money, expressed as a percentage of initial cost, that a retailer adds to the price of goods.  The formula for IMU percent is as follows;

`IMU % =  (e + r + p)/(ns + r)`

where:

• (e) Expenses is the cost required for producing a good or service.
• (r) Reductions is the combined cost of making a specified product/service cheaper or less in amount.
• (p) Profit is the financial gain, especially the difference between the amount earned and the amount spent in buying, operating, or producing something.
• (ns) Net Sales is the gross amount of Sales minus Sales Returns and Allowances, and Sales Discounts for the time interval indicated on the income statement.

Retail Calculator

• Average Inventory is computed by dividing the sum of the merchandise inventory taken during one year by the number of such inventories.
• Asset(/Stock) to Sales Ratio is used to compare how much in assets a company has relative to the amount of revenues the company can generate using their assets.
• Quick Ratio aka Acid Test is a liquidity ratio that measures the ability to pay short-term liabilities with cash and assets quickly convertible to cash.
• Break-Even Analysis equation shows the point in business where the sales equal the expenses.
• Cost of Goods Sold is simply the difference between the cost of goods available for sale and the ending inventory.
• Gross Profit is the difference between the net sales (or revenue) and the cost of goods or services sold. It is also known as the gross margin or Sales profit.
• Gross Profit Percentage is the difference between the net sales and the cost of goods sold (or services rendered) divided by the net sales times a hundred.
• Gross Profit Margin measures how much of each sales dollar is used to finance the direct inputs required to manufacture or merchandise the product sold.
• Gross Margin Ratio equation is used to compute the profitability of a company on selling its inventory or merchandise.
• Gross Margin Return on Investment [GMROI] calculation can be used to measure the performance the entire shop, but it is more effective if used for a particular department or category of merchandise.
• Inventory Turnover Ratio reveals how many times inventory turns over (is sold and replaced) in a period.
• Initial Markup % is the comparison of the amount of money, expressed as a percentage of initial cost, that a retailer adds to the price of goods.
• Maintained Markup reveals the impact of markdowns (reductions) on the Initial Markup.
• Maintained Markup Percentage is the percentage of net sales.
• Markup is the difference between cost of a good or service and its selling price.
• Net Sales is the sales revenue less sales returns and allowances and sales discounts.
• Open-To-Buy  is the difference between how much inventory is needed and how much is actually available.
• Reductions are the combined cost of making a specified product/service cheaper or less in amount.
• Retail Price is the price at which the manufacturer recommends that the retailer sell the product.
• Sales per Square Foot is most commonly used for planning inventory purchases.
• Sell-Through Rate/Analysis is the selling activity of a product within a defined period of time.
• Total Stock Return is the appreciation in the price plus any dividends paid, divided by the original price of the stock.

Resource:

• Waters, Shari. "Retail Sales Math Formulas and Equations." About.com. About.com, n.d. Web. 14 July 2015. <http://retail.about.com/od/retailingmath/a/retail_formulas.htm>.