The Grazing Angle calculator computes the angle (ψ) above the Earth's horizon to an object.
INSTRUCTIONS: Choose your preferred units and enter the following: Earth Grazing Angle
- (R) This is the range from the ground to the object
- (h) This is the vertical height of the object above the Geoid.
Grazing Angle: The calculator return the grazing angle (ψ) in degrees. However this can be automatically converted to other angle units via the pull-down menu.
NOTE: The Grazing Angle can be negative. This means that the object is below the horizon.
The Math / Science
The Grazing Angle equationSignal-to-Noise of a Synthetic Aperture Radar.
This algorithm use the mean radius of the Earth and h is the height above that.
Earth Model Calculators
- Slant Range using Position Vectors
- Slant Range from Elevation Angle (α)
- Slant Range using Subtended Angle (β)
- Distance to Horizon
- Angle of Satellite Visibility
- Grazing Angle
- XYZ to Latitude, Longitude, Altitude
- Earth WGS-84 Equatorial radius in meters: 6378137.0 m
- Earth WGS-84 Polar radius in meters: 6356752.31424518 m
- Earth Flattening Factor (WGS-84): 0.00335281066474748071984552861852
- Ellipse flattening factor: F = (Er - Pr)/Er
- Geocentric to Geodetic Latitude
- Geodetic to Geocentric Latitude
- ^ Performance Limits for Synthetic Aperture Radar - Second Edition. Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM. Printed February 2006.