Surge Impedance Loading
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The Surge Impedance Loading calculator computes the power loading of a transmission line based on the line to line voltage and the surge impedance.
INSTRUCTIONS: Choose units and enter the following:
- (VLL) Line to Line Voltage
- (Z0) Surge Impedance
Surge Impedance Load (SIL): The calculator returns the load in watts. However, this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu.
The Math / Science
The Surge Impedance Loading is the characteristic impedance of a transmission line in electric power transmission. It is also known as natural loading as it is the power loading at which reactive power is neither produced nor absorbed. The following equation is used to calculate surge impedance: SIL=V2LLZ0, where:
- VLL = line-to-line voltage
- Z0 = surge impedance
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| Standard | Impedance (Ω) | Tolerance |
|---|---|---|
| Ethernet Cat 5 | 100 | ±5Ω |
| USB | 90 | ±15% |
| HDMI | 95 | ±15% |
| IEEE 1394 | 108 | +3% -2% |
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| Display Port | 100 | ±20% |
| DVI | 95 | ±15% |
| PCIe | 85 | ±15% |
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References
The definition of Surge Impedance Loading was taken from Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_impedance).
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