The Propagation Delay calculator computes the propagation delay based on the positions of two routers and the propagation speed.
INSTRUCTIONS: Choose units and enter the following:
- (A) Position of router A on Network
- (B) Position of router B on Network
- (S) Propagation Speed
Propagation Delay (PD): The calculator returns the delay in milliseconds (ms). However this can be automatically converted to compatible units via the pull-down menu.
The Math / Science
The formula for propagation delay is:
PD = ( A - B) / S
where:
- PD is the propagation delay
- A is the position of router A
- B is the position of router B
- S is the propagation speed
Once a bit is pushed into the link, it needs to propagate to router B. The time required to propagate from the beginning of the link to router B is the propagation delay. The bit propagates at the propagation speed of the link. The propagation speed depends on the physical medium of the link (that is, fiber optics, twisted-pair copper wire, and so on) and is in the range of `2*10^8 "meters/sec" to 3* 10^8 "meters/sec"` which is equal to, or a little less than, the speed of light. The propagation delay is the distance between two routers divided by the propagation speed.
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