Finance is a field that applies the theories of economics to the allocation of assets and liabilities. Finance can also be defined as the science of money management which prices assets based on their risk level and their expected rate of return.  Finance can be broken into three different sub-categories: Personal finance, Corporate finance and Public finance, 

PERSONAL FINANCE
Personal finance addresses six key planning topics:Financial position, Adequate protection, Tax planning, Investment and accumulation goals, Retirement planning, and Estate planning

CORPORATE FINANCE
Corporate finance activities manage funding, the capital structure of corporations and the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to shareholders.  Corporate finance also encompasses the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources. Corporate finance generally involves balancing risk and profitability, while attempting to maximize an entity's wealth and the value of its stock.

PUBLIC FINANCE
Public finance is the study of the role of the government in the economy. It is the definitive branch of Economics which assesses the Government revenue and Government expenditure of the Public Authorities and the adjustment of one or the other to achieve desirable effects and avoid undesirable ones.

vCalc's Finance library contains numerous equations that relate to personal,corporate, and public finance.