Plumbing Calculators
- Rolling Offsets (Run and Travel) – The Rolling Offset
Rolling Offset Lengths 
Pipe Grading function computes the run and travel length a rolling offset based on the offsets and fittings. (see diagram). - Diagonal of a Square - This is a simple calculation to assist in computing the diagonal of a square.
- Diagonal of a Box - This computes the length of the diagonal of a box (T) based on sides of length R, S and U.
- Flow Rate - This computes flow rate based on the total volume and the time it took to accumulate.
- Pipe Flow Volume - This computes the total volume from a pipe based on the flow rated and the duration of flow.
- Weight of Water in a Tank - Computes the weight of water in a cylindrical tank based on the radius and height (or length).
- Weight of Water in a Pipe - Computes the weight of water or other substances in a pipe based on the dimension and material density.
- Weight of Sea Water in pipe - Computes the weight of sea water in a cylinder based on the radius and height (or length)
- Pressure Head - The Potential Gravity-Fed Water Pressure from a Tank (a.k.a. Pressure Head) based on the height of storage.
- Pipe Volume - Computes the volume in a pipe
- Pipe Surface Area - Computes the surface area of a pipe.
- Pipe Coating Amount - Computes the volume of coating material for a pipe such as paint, polyethylene, polyurethane, zinc, bitumen, FBE or mortar.
- Pipe Grading - Compute the drop needed over a run to maintain a grade (e.g., 4" over 12')
- Volume of Water in a Tank (e.g. hot water tanks),
- Volume of a Spherical Container
- Weight of Water in a Spherical Container
- Volume of Water in Rectangular Tank
- Weight of Water in a Rectangular Tank
- Capillary Rise - The height of water in a small tube due to capillary force.
- Snow Water Equivalence - The volume of water created by an area and depth of snow.
- Pore Water Pressure - Pressure of uplift from the water table.
- Pipe Stress Budget - Computes the pressure that a pipe can withstand based on the allowable stress, wall thickness and outside diameter.
Weight of Plumbing Contents
One can estimate the weight of the contents of a pipe or tank by computing the volume of the container and then multiplying the volume by the mean density of the contents. The most common content of plumbing is water. However, pipes and tanks often contain other materials. The following information provides an estimated density of many materials for calculating convenience. Please reference authoritative sources before relying on the accuracy of the following data with regard to risking life, health or wealth.
| Common Mean Densities |
|
Natural
Food
Industrial
Fuels
|
Mean Density of Fluids
Mean density is the average amount of mass within a volume for a substance. Note, volume of a material is often highly subject to the temperatures, since materials expand as they warm. For that reason, mean densities of substances are often cited with a set of nominal conditions such as temperature and barometric pressure.
The formula for mean density is:
μD = V / m
where:
- μD = mean density
- V = Volume in units like gallons or liters
- m = Mass in units like kilograms or pounds
Mean density is also often indicated as the Greek symbol rho (ρ).
The mean density of fluids can be useful since fluids (liquids and gases) conform to the shape of their containers. This is why it is possible to use the mean density of a substance and the dimensions of its container to estimate the weight/mass of the substance in the container.